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ECF: Pulp bleached without the use of chlorine gas. Known as 'Elemental Chlorine Free'.
Eco Label: Eco labels are designed to guide consumers and purchasers in their desire to shop with a 'green' conscience, and thus contribute to a better society. There are a range of eco labelling schemes from different sources and countries.
Eco System: The plants, animals and microbes that live in a defined geographical area and the physical environment in which they live. An eco-system has the means of producing both energy and the materials for life on an ongoing basis.
Electronic dot generation (EDG): A method of producing halftones electronically
on scanners and pre-press systems.
Electronic printing: Any technology that reproduces pages without
the use of traditional ink, water or chemistry.
Electrophotography: Image transfer
systems used in copiers to produce images using electrostatic
forces.
Elliptical dot: In
halftone photography, elongated dots which give improved
gradation of tones particularly in middle tones and
vignettes-also called chain dots.
Em: In composition
a unit of measurement exactly as wide and high as the point
size being set. So named because the letter ?M? in early fonts
was usually cast on a square body.
EMAS: The Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS), used by the European Union since 1995 and updated in 2001, regarded as the superior environmental standard. The scheme requires transparent public reporting, monitoring, auditing and employee involvement in its implementation. EMAS is designed to deliver continual improvements in a company's environmental performance.
Embossed finish:
Paper with a raised or depressed surface resembling wood,
cloth, leather or other pattern. The embossing can be
partially "pulled out" during printing, this may cause
misregister in multi colour printing on embossed stocks.
Embossing:
Impressing an image in relief to achieve a raised surface;
either overprinting or on blank paper (called blind
embossing).
Emulsion side: In
photography, the side of the film coated with the silver
halide emulsion.
En: In
composition, one-half the width of an em.
Enamel: A term
applied to a coated paper or to a coating material on a
paper.
Engraving: In Engraving, a metal die with an impression cut into the surface is filled with an opaque engraving ink, then pressed against paper creating raised areas of the paper coated with ink. Engraving creates the raised surface on the front of the paper.
Used for wedding invitations and sometimes business cards and letterhead, the raised effect of engraving is similar in appearance to thermography, without the glossy look. The cost is generally higher.
Environmental Management System - (EMS): Part of a general management system, consisting of organisation structures, planning functions, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and resources for developing, implementing, fulfilling, analysing and maintaining a companyÕs environmental policy.
EPSF (encapsulated postscript file): An alternative picture file format
that allows postscript data to be stored and edited and is
easy to transfer between Macintosh, MS-DOS and other
systems.
Etch: In
photoengraving, to produce an image on a plate by chemical or
electrolytic action. In offset lithography, an acidified gum
solution used to desensitise the non-printing areas of the
plate; also, an acid solution added to the fountain water to
help keep non-printing areas of the plate free from ink.
EU Eco-Label: Launched 10 years ago to avoid a proliferation of separate national schemes. It is 'a unique certification scheme to help European consumers distinguish greener, more environmentally friendly products and services (not including food and medicine).' Award of the label means that the item has been 'checked by independent bodies and complies with strict ecological and performance criteria.'
Expanded type: A
type whose width is greater than normal.
Exposure: The
step in photographic processes during which light produces the
image on the light-sensitive coating.
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